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ProductName:CandidaalbicansIgM-ELISA

#ofSamples:1x96Assays

IntendedUse:TheCandidaalbicansIgMELISAisintendedforthequalitativedeterminationofIgMclassantibodiesagainstCandidaalbicansinhumanserumorplasma(citrate).

Introduction:Candidaalbicansisanubiquitiouspresentyeastlikefungusbelongingtothefamilyofascomycota.Itisafacultativepathogenbelongingtothenormalmicrobialfloraofskinandmucosa.Besidetheyeastformwhichappearsmainlywithsuperficialinfections,socalledpseudomyceliaareanothermorphologicalformofascomycota.Pseudomyceliaprevailwithinvasivemycosis.AlthoughnotpathogenicinhealthyhumansthefungusmaybeopportuNISTicinthosesufferingfromavarietyofdisorders,andinthosetreatedintensivelywithbroad-spectrumantibioticsorimmunosuppressivemeasures.Candidiasisiscausedtoabout90%byC.albicans.Itisanacute,superficialorsubacute,invasiveinfection.Acuteinfectionswiththefungusmayproducelesionsinthemouth,vagina,skinandnails.Subacuteinfectionsmayaffectbronchi,lungs,heartormeningeal.Inimmunosuppressantpatientswithcellularimmunodeficiency,e.g.,AIDSpatients,C.albicansmayleadtoseverenecrosesofinfectedtissues.
Detection:
Microscopy:Gramstain,isolationoftheorganismincultures
SEROlogy:DetectionofspecificantibodiesbyELISA.

Principlesoftheassay:ThequalitativeimmunoenzymaticdeterminationofIgM-classantibodiesagainstCandidaalbicansisbasedontheELISA(Enzyme-linkedImmunosorbentAssay)technique.
MicrotiterstripwellsareprecoatedwithCandidaalbicansantigenstobindcorrespondingantibodiesofthespecimen.AfterwashingthewellstoremoveallunboundsamplematerialhorserADIshperoxidase(HRP)labelledanti-humanIgMconjugateisadded.ThisconjugatebindstothecapturedCandidaalbicans-specificantibodies.TheimmunecomplexformedbytheboundconjugateisvisualizedbyaddingTetramethylbenzidine(TMB)substratewhichgivesabluereactionproduct.TheintensityofthisproductisproportionaltotheamountofCandidaalbicans-specificIgMantibodiesinthespecimen.Sulphuricacidisaddedtostopthereaction.Thisproducesayellowendpointcolour.Absorbanceat450nmisreadusinganELISAmicrowellplatereader.

StorageandStABIlity:Thereagentsarestableuptotheexpirydatestatedonthelabelwhenstoredat2...8°C.

LimitationsoftheTest:Bacterialcontaminationorrepeatedfreeze-thawcyclesofthespecimenmayaffecttheabsorbancevalues.Diagnosisofaninfectiousdiseaseshouldnotbeestablishedonthebasisofasingletestresult.Aprecisediagnosisshouldtakeintoconsiderationclinicalhistory,symptomatologyaswellasserologicaldata.
Inimmunocompromisedpatientsandnewbornsserologicaldataonlyhaverestrictedvalue.

ReferencesIRURETAGOYENA,R.J.,REGÚLEZ,P.,QUINDÓS,G.ANDPONTÓN,J.(2000)ANTIBODIESTOCANDIDAALBICANSGERMTUBESINTWOINTENSIVECAREPATIENTSWITHINVASIVECANDIDIASIS.REV.IBEROAM.MICOL.17,93-96ELLEPOLA,A.N.B.ANDMORRISON,C.J.(2005)LABORATORYDIAGNOSISOFINVASIVECANDIDIASIS.J.MICROBIOL.43(S),65-84QUINDÓS,G.,MORAGUES,M.D.ANDPONTÓN,J.(2004)ISTHEREAROLEFORANTIBODYTESTINGINTHEDIAGNOSISOFINVASIVECANDIDIASIS?REV.IBEROAM.MICOL.21,10-14ARAJ,G.F.,HOPFER,R.L.,CHESTNUT,S.,FAINSTEIN,V.ANDBODEY,G.P.(1982)DIAGNOSTICVALUEOFTHEENZYME-LINKEDIMMUNOSORBENTASSAYFORDETECTIONOFCANDIDAALBICANSCYTOPLASMICANTIGENINSERAOFCANCERPATIENTS.J.CLIN.MICROBIOL.16,46-52AKPAN,A.ANDMORGAN,R.(2002)ORALCANDIDIASIS.POSTGRAD.MED.J.78,455-459MEUNIER-CARPENTIER,F.,KIEHN,T.E.ANDARMSTRONG,D.(19981)FUNGEMIAINTHEIMMUNOCOMPRIMISEDHOST.AM.J.MED.71,363-370WITKIN,S.S.,YU,I.R.ANDLEDGER,W.J.(1983)INHIBITIONOFCANDIDAALBICANS-INDUCEDLYMPHOCYTEPROLIFERATIONBYLYMPHOCYTESANDSERAFROMWOMENWITHRECURRENTVAGINITIS.AM.J.OBSTET.GYNECOL.147,809-811

AdditionalInformation:

Name	CandidaalbicansIgM
RelatedProductNames	CandidaalbicansIgM-ELISA
MolecularWeight	0.5
Storage	Thereagentsarestableuptotheexpirydatestatedonthelabelwhenstoredat2...8°C.
IntendedUse	ResearchUseOnly